July 2010: Very sunny July in many areas

NATIONAL CLIMATE CENTRE Monday 2 August 2010

National Climate Summary - July 2010: Mid winter magic – a very sunny July in many areas

• Sunshine: Extremely sunny in the west and south of the South Island, as well as western areas of the North Island, compared to July normal.
• Rainfall: Rather dry overall. Well below normal rainfall in the southwest of the North Island, Otago, and the Tasman District. Well above normal rainfall in Gisborne, northern Hawkes Bay and north Canterbury.
• Temperatures: Near average temperatures for most regions; below average temperatures for the Waikato, the Central Plateau, Wellington, Wairarapa, and coastal Otago.

July 2010 was characterised by higher than normal pressures over the country, with lower pressures to the northeast of the North Island. The frequent highs brought clear skies, dry conditions, warmer afternoons but colder mornings to many regions. Southeast winds frequently affected New Zealand over the month, and the effects of these were very clear – western regions of the country were extremely sunny and very dry.

Sunshine totals were well above average (more than 125 percent of normal) on the West Coast, in Fiordland and Southland, and across much of Otago, as well as for the Kaipara, Waikato, Taupo, and Ruapehu districts. In all other regions of New Zealand, July sunshine totals were also up, being above average (more than 110 percent of normal) everywhere except for Gisborne (where they were near normal).

Overall, July 2010 was rather dry in many regions. Well below normal rainfall (less than 50 percent of normal) was recorded in the southwest of the North Island (Taranaki, Manawatu-Wanganui, Taupo, Bay of Plenty), as well as in Otago and the Tasman district. In contrast, rainfall was above normal (between 120 and 150 percent of normal) in Gisborne, northern Hawkes Bay, and parts of north Canterbury. The rainfall in these areas was caused by two storm events, affecting Gisborne and Hawkes Bay on the 6th/7th, and north Canterbury on the 23rd/24th. Elsewhere, July rainfall was below normal (between 50 and 80 percent of normal), except for Wairarapa, southern Hawkes Bay, Northland, Auckland, Coromandel, Kaikoura, and Fiordland, where close to normal July rainfall was recorded (80 to 120 percent of normal).

Mean temperatures were close to average (within 0.5°C of average) in many regions. Above average daytime temperatures were offset by below average nighttime temperatures (with both caused by the predominance of clear skies). The exceptions were Waikato, the central Plateau, around Wellington and the Wairarapa, and coastal Otago, where mean temperatures were below average (between 0.5°C and 1.2°C below average). There were very small pockets of above average temperatures in western parts of Northland, Nelson, Westland, and Fiordland (between 0.5°C and 1°C above average). The New Zealand national average temperature was 7.7°C (0.2°C below the 1971-2000 July average).

Further Highlights:
• The highest temperature was 19.0°C, recorded at Kaikohe on the 29th (a new July record).
• The lowest temperature was -9.6°C, recorded at Hanmer on the 12th.
• The highest 1-day rainfall was 140 mm, recorded at Franz Josef on the 31st.
• The highest wind gust was 141 km/hr, recorded at Cape Turnagain on the 27th.
• Of the six main centres, Auckland was the warmest, Christchurch the coolest, Wellington the wettest, and Dunedin the driest. Tauranga was the sunniest of the six main centres.

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SUNSHINE: EXTREMELY SUNNY IN THE WEST AND SOUTH OF SOUTH ISLAND, AS WELL AS WESTERN AREAS OF NORTH ISLAND.

Sunshine totals were well above average (more than 125 percent of normal) on the West Coast, in Fiordland and Southland, and across much of Otago, as well as for the Kaipara, Waikato, Taupo, and Ruapehu districts. In all other regions of New Zealand, July sunshine totals were also up, being above average (more than 110 percent of normal) everywhere except for Gisborne (where they were near normal). It was the sunniest July on record for Kaitaia, Turangi, and Balclutha, and the highest-equal for Cromwell.

Record or near-record July sunshine hours were recorded at:

Location Sunshine (hours) Percentage Of normal Year records began Comments
Kaitaia 176 124 1985 Highest
Dargaville 151 137 1943 2nd-highest
Hamilton 163 131 1936 2nd-highest
Te Kuiti 155 150 1962 2nd-highest
Turangi 164 141 1976 Highest
New Plymouth 171 129 1972 4th-highest
Greymouth 157 152 1947 3rd-highest
Lake Tekapo 172 162 1928 2nd-highest
Dunedin 139 138 1947 4th-highest
Cromwell 136 144 1979 Equal highest
Invercargill 128 141 1932 2nd-highest
Balclutha 146 152 1964 Highest

RAINFALL: RATHER DRY OVERALL. WELL BELOW NORMAL RAINFALL IN SOUTHWEST OF NORTH ISLAND, OTAGO, AND TASMAN DISTRICT. WELL ABOVE NORMAL RAINFALL IN GISBORNE, NORTHERN HAWKES BAY AND NORTH CANTERBURY.

Overall, July 2010 was rather dry in many regions. Well below normal rainfall (less than 50 percent of normal) was recorded in the southwest of the North Island (Taranaki, Manawatu-Wanganui, Taupo, as well as much of the Bay of Plenty), as well as in Otago and the Tasman district. It was the driest July on record for Taupo, with 20 mm of rainfall recorded (20% of normal, the lowest July total since observations began in 1949). In contrast, rainfall was above normal (between 120 and 150 percent of normal) in Gisborne, northern Hawkes Bay, and parts of north Canterbury. The rainfall in these areas was caused by two storm events, affecting Gisborne and Hawkes Bay on the 6th/7th, and north Canterbury on the 23rd/24th. Elsewhere, July rainfall was generally below normal (between 50 and 80 percent of normal), except for the Wairarapa and southern Hawkes Bay, Northland, Auckland, Coromandel, Kaikoura, and Fiordland, where close to normal July rainfall was recorded (between 80 and 120 percent of normal).

Record or near-record July rainfall totals were recorded at:

Location Rainfall total (mm) Percentage of normal Year records began Comments
Wairoa 202 159 1964 2nd-highest

Te Puke 68 39 1973 3rd-lowest
Rotorua 37 26 1963 2nd-lowest
Taupo 20 20 1949 Lowest
Turangi 59 36 1968 4th-lowest
Paraparaumu 39 39 1945 4th-lowest
Stratford 50 24 1960 2nd-lowest
Hawera 48 37 1977 4th-lowest
Ohakune 49 33 1961 4th-lowest
Wanganui 22 25 1987 3rd-lowest
Lake Rotoiti 30 23 1933 3rd-lowest
Lumsden 20 29 1982 2nd-lowest
Balclutha 15 28 1964 4th-lowest

TEMPERATURES: NEAR AVERAGE TEMPERATURES FOR MOST REGIONS; BELOW AVERAGE TEMPERATURES FOR WAIKATO, CENTRAL PLATEAU, WELLINGTON, WAIRARAPA, AND COASTAL OTAGO.

Mean temperatures were close to average (within 0.5°C of average) in many regions; with above average daytime temperatures offset by below average nighttime temperatures (both due to the predominance of clear skies). The exceptions were Waikato, the central Plateau, around Wellington and the Wairarapa, and coastal Otago, where mean temperatures were below average (between 0.5°C and 1.2°C below average). There were small pockets of above average temperatures in western parts of Northland, Nelson, Westland, and Fiordland (between 0.5°C and 1°C above average). The New Zealand national average temperature was 7.7°C (0.2°C below the 1971-2000 July average) .

Mean maximum temperatures were record high at both Kaikohe and Motueka, averaging 15.8°C and 15.4°C, respectively. July mean minimum temperatures were record low at Warkworth, Turangi, and Dunedin.

Record or near-record July mean maximum daily air temperatures were recorded at:

Location Mean maximum air temperature (°C) Departure from normal (°C) Year records began Comments
Kaikohe 15.8 2.0 1973 Highest
Leigh 16.4 1.4 1966 2nd-highest
Whangaparaoa 14.9 1.1 1982 4th-highest
Westport 13.9 1.3 1937 2nd-highest
Lake Rotoiti 9.9 1.5 1965 3rd-highest
Haast 12.7 1.3 1949 4th-highest
Motueka 15.4 2.8 1956 Highest
Nelson 13.2 1.0 1943 4th-highest

Castlepoint 11.3 -1.4 1972 2nd-lowest

Record or near-record July mean minimum daily air temperatures were recorded at:

Location Mean minimum air temperature (°C) Departure from normal (°C) Year records began Comments
Puysegur Point 6.8 1.1 1978 3rd-highest

Warkworth 5.7 -2.3 1966 Lowest
Turangi -0.8 -2.7 1968 Lowest
Wanganui 4.7 -1.2 1987 4th-lowest
Dunedin -2.4 -2.2 1947 Lowest
Queenstown -3.0 -1.6 1871 2nd-lowest
Lumsden -1.9 -1.3 1982 3rd-lowest

JULY CLIMATE IN THE SIX MAIN CENTRES

Of the six main centres, Auckland was the warmest, Christchurch the coolest, Wellington the wettest, and Dunedin the driest. Tauranga was the sunniest of the main centres, with 183 hours of bright sunshine recorded.

July 2010 main centre climate statistics:

Location Mean temp. (°C) Departure from normal (°C) Rainfall (mm) % of normal Sunshine (hours) % of normal
Aucklanda 10.3 -0.6 Below average 102 73% Below normal 167 128% Well above normal
Taurangab 10.1 +0.1 Near average 52 40% Well below normal 183 121% Above normal
Hamiltonc 8.3 -0.2 Near average 65 47% Well below normal 163g 131% 2nd highest
Wellingtond 8.2 -0.7 Below average 119 87% Near normal 125 107% Near normal
Christchurche 5.4 -0.4 Near average 67 94% Near normal 123 100% Near normal
Dunedinf 6.8 +0.3 Near average 27 40% Well below normal 139 138% 4th highest
a Mangere b Tauranga Airport c Hamilton Airport d Kelburn e Christchurch Airport f Musselburgh g Ruakura

HIGHLIGHTS AND EXTREME EVENTS

• Heavy rain, slips and flooding

Heavy rain on 5 July closed SH25 at Whitianga and Manaia on the Coromandel Peninsula. Six people were rescued after two cars became stranded by rising water on Kauaeranga Valley Road in the Coromandel Ranges.

Heavy rain affected Northland on 5 July, causing slips and closing roads in Whangarei, but it did also refill the reservoir.

On 6 July heavy rain on the East Coast cut power to properties in the Gisborne area, affecting the Te Araroa, Waikura Valley and Mata Road areas. People in inland Ruatoria were isolated after the Mata River washed away their sole road access. SH2 between Napier and Wairoa was closed by extensive slips and flooding. SH35 was down to one lane near Te Araroa, and many rural roads were closed by slips and surface flooding. Wharekopae Road residents were cut off when Brunton Road was closed overnight, and many ford crossings in the area were impassable.

On 7 July, SH2 between Napier and Wairoa was closed by major slips at the Devil's Elbow and Waikouau Hill areas. SH2 was also underwater around Tutira and was closed overnight. Many rural roads in the Hastings and Havelock North areas were blocked by flooding and slips. The Napier-Taupo Road was reduced to one lane by a slip near Te Pohue. Travel to and from Rissington was affected by a slip which closed Puketitiri Road. SH2 was blocked during the morning by a fallen tree at Bartletts Hill. Power lines were downed, cutting electricity to Te Araroa, Waikura Valley and Mata Road areas. Some Ngatapa residents could not go home because their only access road was blocked.

On 9 July, a large slip blocked the road to Anaura Bay, north of Gisborne, leaving residents walk-in access only, via the beach.

On 23 and 24 July, heavy rain caused flooding and slips on SH1 between Blenheim and Waipara, and on SH7 between Springs Junction and Waipara. In southern Wairarapa flooding closed the Ponatahi Bridge near Martinborough, and White Rock Road at the intersection with Lagoon Hill Road.

Heavy rain warnings were in effect for the West Coast and the Southern Alps on 31 July. The highest 1-day rainfall total in July was 140 mm, recorded at Franz Josef on the 31st.

Record or near record high extreme 1-day rainfall totals were recorded at:

Location Extreme 1-day rainfall (mm) Date of extreme rainfall Year Records Began Comments
Kumeu 50 21st 1978 4th-highest
Hokitika 76 31st 1963 4th-highest
Okarito 123 31st 1981 2nd-highest
Manapouri 42 31st 1963 3rd-highest

• Temperature

The highest temperature recorded in July 2010 was 19.0°C, observed at Kaikohe on the 29th. This was the highest July temperature ever recorded there, since records began in 1973. Several other records were broken during the month; Motueka experienced its warmest July day on the 2nd of the month, as did Lake Rotoiti on the 25th.

Record or near-record daily maximum air temperatures were recorded at:

Location Extreme maximum temperature (ºC) Date of extreme temperature Year Records Began Comments
Kaikohe 19.0 29th 1973 Highest
Westport 17.8 22nd 1937 Equal highest
Lake Rotoiti 13.9 25th 1965 Highest
Motueka 18.7 2nd 1956 Highest

Te Kuiti 7.4 3rd 1959 4th-lowest

The lowest temperature was -9.6°C, recorded at Hanmer on the 12th. An extremely cold spell affected New Zealand between July 10th and 13th, caused by an intense winter anticyclone over New Zealand. The anticyclone produced clear skies, light winds, and severe frosts. Numerous sites experienced record or near-record low minimum temperatures for July during this period. The reading at Taumarunui of -6.8°C on July 12th was its lowest July minimum temperature ever, since records began in 1947 – and this was also an all-time record (for any month of the year) for the site.

Record or near-record daily minimum air temperatures were recorded at:

Location Extreme minimum temperature (ºC) Date of extreme temperature Year Records Began Comments
Warkworth -0.7 11th 1966 Lowest
Port Taharoa 1.1 10th 1973 3rd-lowest
Te Kuiti -4.3 12th 1959 Lowest
Taumarunui -6.8 12th 1947 Lowest
Turangi -7.6 12th 1968 Lowest
Takapau Plains -3.6 11th 1962 Equal 4th-lowest
Hawera -4.4 12th 1977 Equal lowest
Wanganui -2.4 12th 1987 2nd-lowest
Blenheim -4.9 13th 1932 Equal 2nd-lowest
Dunedin -6.7 12th 1947 2nd-lowest
Queenstown -7.2 12th 1871 3rd-lowest

Kaikohe Aws 13.2 22nd 1973 Equal 4th-highest
Woodbury 6.0 23rd 1973 Equal 4th-highest

• High winds

The highest wind gust was 141 km/hr, recorded at Cape Turnagain on the 27th. However, the month overall was a settled one with respect to wind, with no near-record or record high gusts observed.

Gales on 4-5 July caused fallen trees and power lines in Northland, Auckland and Waikato, cutting power to thousands of properties, particularly in North Shore, West Auckland and Rodney. In Whangarei, a New Zealand Historic Places Trust-listed house lost its veranda, roof and a brick chimney to the gales.

• Snow and ice

A national bonspiel was called at the Idaburn Dam on 7 and 8 July, the first in three years. The dam had 12 -13 cm of strong "black" ice, considered by curlers to be better than snow ice.

On 14 July, for the first time in more than 20 years, a bonspiel was held on the Waikaia natural ice rink in Southland, with many recreational skaters on the ice over the weekend of 17-18 July.

• Fog

On 6 July, fog closed Invercargill Airport during the morning.

On 15 July, early morning commuter traffic in central Timaru had to contend with fog.

Fog caused more than a dozen domestic flights in and out of Christchurch Airport to be cancelled, and many others delayed, on 19 July. Several international flights were also affected.

ENDS

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